ORPEN (USA) 1996

Race Record

Race record: No data held.

1st Dam: BONITA FRANCITA (USA) 1987

Race record: No data held.

Progeny Stakes Results

SETTIGANO (IRE) 2003 by SADLER'S WELLS

SADLER'S WELLS (USA) 1981	NORTHERN DANCER (CAN) 1961
	FAIRY BRIDGE (USA) 1975
BONITA FRANCITA (USA) 1987	DEVIL'S BAG (USA) 1981
	RAISE THE STANDARD (USA) 1978

3rds

2009

Quebec Stakes (Listed)

Stakes performances by surface

70.4% Turf
27.9% Dirt
1.8% All Weather

Stakes Performers of ORPEN

Sire of 191 stakes performers since 2003

Horses by individual place achieved

	Gr1	Gr2	Gr3	L/R
2019	3	4	4	7
2018	1	5	9	6
2017	5	4	10	10
2016	0	12	8	14
2015	2	7	14	15
2014	8	6	15	12
2013	11	6	6	9
2012	4	2	6	11
2011	14	9	11	10
2010	13	7	23	15
2009	12	15	17	17
2008	6	6	15	9
2007	2	1	4	10
2006	1	5	2	14
2005	0	4	3	9
2004	1	1	1	6
2003	0	0	2	4

Performer Br.Sire	Gr1	Gr2	Gr3	L/R
MALPENSA	8	4	1	0
SOUTHERN HALO	8	4	1	0
LINGOTE DE ORO	8	2	0	1
OLD TRIESTE	8	2	0	1
WAR ARTIST	6	2	4	1
BROCCO	6	2	4	1
LA LAGUNA AZUL	4	5	3	0
CANDY STRIPES	4	5	3	0
KOLLER	3	4	1	2
SOUTHERN HALO	3	4	1	2
EMOTION ORPEN	3	2	1	0
DISTORTED HUMOR	3	2	1	0
FEEL THE RACE	3	0	4	2
LODE	3	0	4	2
CONTA UN CUENTO	2	8	2	3
NUMEROUS	2	8	2	3
ATOMICA ORO	2	4	2	0
BERNSTEIN	2	4	2	0
HENDAIA	2	2	1	0
ENGRILLADO	2	2	1	0
VORDA	2	1	1	1
OBSERVATORY	2	1	1	1
PLAYA DESIERTA	2	1	0	0
BERTRANDO	2	1	0	0
STORM TROOPS	2	1	0	0
ELUSIVE QUALITY	2	1	0	0
QUARTIER LATIN	2	1	0	0
SOUTHERN HALO	2	1	0	0
DONA LEY	2	0	3	1
CANDY STRIPES	2	0	3	1
PRESTIGE VENDOME	2	0	1	3
DR FONG	2	0	1	3
TRUE PASSION	2	0	1	0
FITZCARRALDO	2	0	1	0
DEDINI	2	0	1	0
RAINBOW CORNER	2	0	1	0
DON VALIENTE	2	0	0	1
BOLD FORLI	2	0	0	1
IL FORNAIO	2	0	0	0
HAAFHD	2	0	0	0
ORPEN FAIN	1	3	11	1
SOUTHERN HALO	1	3	11	1
CELESTIAL WAY	1	3	3	0
SLIP ANCHOR	1	3	3	0
SOLO UN MOMENTO	1	2	2	1
ROY	1	2	2	1
ZENARTA	1	2	1	0
NORTHERN STATE	1	2	1	0
QUEEN OF TIME	1	1	1	4
KINGMAMBO	1	1	1	4
SUNNY POINT	1	1	1	2
SOUTHERN HALO	1	1	1	2
SABAYON	1	1	1	0
FITZCARRALDO	1	1	1	0
FALSE ECONOMY	1	1	0	0
DANCING DISSIDENT	1	1	0	0
CARTIER GOLD	1	1	0	0
LODE	1	1	0	0
PRIVATE JET	1	0	1	2
ITAJARA	1	0	1	2
HUNKY	1	0	1	1
TURKOMAN	1	0	1	1
DON PEDAL	1	0	1	0
SOUTHERN HALO	1	0	1	0
MY GIRL ANNA	1	0	0	3
COLLEGE CHAPEL	1	0	0	3
TORRESTRELLA	1	0	0	1
BERING	1	0	0	1
CITADEL ROC	1	0	0	1
LODE	1	0	0	1
ENAK	1	0	0	1
ROY	1	0	0	1
DE VERONA	1	0	0	0
ENGRILLADO	1	0	0	0
ROCKS OFF	1	0	0	0
JAVA GOLD	1	0	0	0
BAYERN	1	0	0	0
ROY	1	0	0	0
HINOJO	1	0	0	0
ROY	1	0	0	0
LADY PELUSA	1	0	0	0
ROY	1	0	0	0
BELARUSA	0	4	1	0
ROY	0	4	1	0
KILLYBEGS	0	3	2	0
BELMEZ	0	3	2	0
SUBLIMACION	0	3	1	2
FITZCARRALDO	0	3	1	2
DON LETAL	0	2	3	3
CANDY STRIPES	0	2	3	3
YANKEEDOODLEDANDY	0	2	0	1
PERSIAN BOLD	0	2	0	1
ORPINGTON	0	2	0	0
ST COVET	0	2	0	0
ORPELLO	0	1	3	1
ALMUTAWAKEL	0	1	3	1
KAMBARA	0	1	3	0
EASING ALONG	0	1	3	0
BLU CONSTELLATION	0	1	2	1
CELTIC SWING	0	1	2	1
MISSIT	0	1	2	1
SHIRLEY HEIGHTS	0	1	2	1
ORIZABA	0	1	1	1
ELBIO	0	1	1	1
ARIA DI FESTA	0	1	1	1
WARNING	0	1	1	1
ORPEN WIDE	0	1	1	0
NAMAQUALAND	0	1	1	0
SOVIET FILLY	0	1	1	0
SLEWSVILLE	0	1	1	0
STANISLAS	0	1	1	0
SOUTHERN HALO	0	1	1	0
DONA TANA	0	1	0	3
SOUTHERN HALO	0	1	0	3
FOR ECUADOR	0	1	0	1
BERNSTEIN	0	1	0	1
RICARDO JUAN	0	1	0	1
CANDY STRIPES	0	1	0	1
SAME STORY	0	1	0	1
CANDY STRIPES	0	1	0	1
ORCADA	0	1	0	1
CIPAYO	0	1	0	1
AUTUMN PEARL	0	1	0	1
COLLEGE CHAPEL	0	1	0	1
CRAPS	0	1	0	1
KENETICO	0	1	0	1
SCARLATT	0	1	0	1
SENOR PETE	0	1	0	1
NORPEN	0	1	0	0
EMPIRE MAKER	0	1	0	0
AMIGUITO CALIFICADO	0	1	0	0
EQUAL STRIPES	0	1	0	0
ENJOY LOVE	0	1	0	0
EQUALIZE	0	1	0	0
BAY ORP	0	1	0	0
GULCH	0	1	0	0
ORPEN GREY	0	1	0	0
NIGHT SHIFT	0	1	0	0
ANGE LIQN	0	1	0	0
ROY	0	1	0	0
PRILIDIANO	0	1	0	0
SAM M	0	1	0	0
EL ELEGIDO	0	1	0	0
SOUTHERN HALO	0	1	0	0
ROMANCE NIGHT	0	0	6	3
EQUALIZE	0	0	6	3
ROCK THE WORLD	0	0	5	0
BENEFICIAL	0	0	5	0
PRETTY BABY	0	0	3	1
GOLD AWAY	0	0	3	1
SORCIERE	0	0	2	1
HERNANDO	0	0	2	1
NOBILITA	0	0	2	1
KONIGSSTUHL	0	0	2	1
QUEEN'S ADVICE	0	0	2	1
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	2	1
POLLEN	0	0	2	0
CHIEF SINGER	0	0	2	0
LONKOTUN	0	0	2	0
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	2	0
KREYNA	0	0	2	0
MATTY G	0	0	2	0
JAMESINA	0	0	2	0
METAL PRECIEUX	0	0	2	0
LINDA ORPEN	0	0	2	0
SALT LAKE	0	0	2	0
WHITE SNOW	0	0	1	4
DISTINCTLY NORTH	0	0	1	4
SWEET TREAT	0	0	1	3
RHEINGOLD	0	0	1	3
GROWING GLORY	0	0	1	2
DR FONG	0	0	1	2
DONA FANTASIA	0	0	1	2
HONOUR AND GLORY	0	0	1	2
SYNONYM	0	0	1	2
MARAUDING	0	0	1	2
ZENONE	0	0	1	1
ALZAO	0	0	1	1
ZOBENIGO	0	0	1	1
BAHHARE	0	0	1	1
ABE LINCOLN	0	0	1	1
CANDY STRIPES	0	0	1	1
PENORKA	0	0	1	1
CAPTAIN RIO	0	0	1	1
PROJIMA	0	0	1	1
FAST GOLD	0	0	1	1
GOIN TO JACKSON	0	0	1	1
KENVAIN	0	0	1	1
LESSING	0	0	1	1
MEDAALY	0	0	1	1
LESLINGTAYLOR	0	0	1	1
NINISKI	0	0	1	1
DONA DAGA	0	0	1	1
ROY	0	0	1	1
SOY INGLES	0	0	1	1
ROY	0	0	1	1
MOON POET	0	0	1	1
SALT LAKE	0	0	1	1
SKYRUSH	0	0	1	1
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	1	1
GIVEBACK	0	0	1	1
SPECIAL NASH	0	0	1	1
LEAD TO WIN	0	0	1	0
BRANCUSI	0	0	1	0
TROPPO OCA	0	0	1	0
DARSHAAN	0	0	1	0
INVENTION	0	0	1	0
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	1	0
LETHAL GUN	0	0	1	0
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	1	0
NORHEIN	0	0	1	0
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	1	0
OMBRAGE	0	0	1	0
HERNANDO	0	0	1	0
DONA FANTA	0	0	1	0
HONOUR AND GLORY	0	0	1	0
GRAN DT	0	0	1	0
INTERPRETE	0	0	1	0
DONNA ORPEN	0	0	1	0
LAC OUIMET	0	0	1	0
DON LANCERO	0	0	1	0
LODE	0	0	1	0
HOCKEY JOCK	0	0	1	0
LODE	0	0	1	0
ORPEN SHADOW	0	0	1	0
MUJADIL	0	0	1	0
PETIT DUC	0	0	1	0
NASTY AND BOLD	0	0	1	0
BARON BLUE	0	0	1	0
NOT FOR SALE	0	0	1	0
MISS TOP MODEL	0	0	1	0
NUMEROUS	0	0	1	0
GRATIS	0	0	1	0
OCTAGONAL	0	0	1	0
MAHOGANY	0	0	1	0
RED SUNSET	0	0	1	0
ROYAL BRUNEI	0	0	1	0
ROY	0	0	1	0
PUPA DI SARONNO	0	0	1	0
SELKIRK	0	0	1	0
STONEPEN	0	0	1	0
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	1	0
STONE ROAD	0	0	1	0
STRAWBERRY ROAD	0	0	1	0
GRACEFULLY	0	0	1	0
TAUFAN	0	0	1	0
VISIONIST	0	0	1	0
TAUFAN	0	0	1	0
NORQUINCO	0	0	1	0
THE WATCHER	0	0	1	0
PARAGUAYITO	0	0	1	0
TOPSIDER	0	0	1	0
GENRE	0	0	0	5
PISTOLET BLEU	0	0	0	5
DRUZINOR	0	0	0	3
BEAU SULTAN	0	0	0	3
JAKOR	0	0	0	3
HORAGE	0	0	0	3
DEMATIL	0	0	0	3
INDIAN RIDGE	0	0	0	3
KAYPEN	0	0	0	2
AKARAD	0	0	0	2
UNNO	0	0	0	2
BERNSTEIN	0	0	0	2
ENRIKA'S GIFT	0	0	0	2
CADEAUX GENEREUX	0	0	0	2
SADALBARI	0	0	0	2
CAERLEON	0	0	0	2
TESTA O CROCE	0	0	0	2
CAPE CROSS	0	0	0	2
AVENTURE LOVE	0	0	0	2
DIESIS	0	0	0	2
CURICHE	0	0	0	2
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	0	2
APRO LUNARE	0	0	0	2
LAST TYCOON	0	0	0	2
PENFECTION	0	0	0	2
PHARDANTE	0	0	0	2
SALVAGUARDIA	0	0	0	2
ROY	0	0	0	2
LINDO ORPEN	0	0	0	2
SALT LAKE	0	0	0	2
SKRADIN	0	0	0	2
SKY CLASSIC	0	0	0	2
FAIRMONT	0	0	0	2
VERGLAS	0	0	0	2
SOPHIES TROPHY	0	0	0	1
ALZAO	0	0	0	1
YOU GET ME CRAZY	0	0	0	1
BARATHEA	0	0	0	1
JUST A THOUGHT	0	0	0	1
BE MY GUEST	0	0	0	1
LE BAOL	0	0	0	1
BEAT HOLLOW	0	0	0	1
QUEEN FOR A DAY	0	0	0	1
BERNSTEIN	0	0	0	1
QUEEN PLUM	0	0	0	1
BERNSTEIN	0	0	0	1
CLARE HILLS	0	0	0	1
BLUEBIRD	0	0	0	1
SAMPEYRE	0	0	0	1
BLUEBIRD	0	0	0	1
DON LECOST	0	0	0	1
CANDY STRIPES	0	0	0	1
SALAR VIOLET	0	0	0	1
CATRAIL	0	0	0	1
GAIA GIOFFRY	0	0	0	1
COMMON GROUNDS	0	0	0	1
LITTLE WHITE LIE	0	0	0	1
DANEHILL	0	0	0	1
MON AMI L'ECOSSAIS	0	0	0	1
DUTCH ART	0	0	0	1
BLUE TOMATO	0	0	0	1
FAIRY KING	0	0	0	1
ORPENGAMIO	0	0	0	1
FITZCARRALDO	0	0	0	1
RIEN QUE POUR TOI	0	0	0	1
GENTLEWAVE	0	0	0	1
SHADAN	0	0	0	1
GIANT'S CAUSEWAY	0	0	0	1
LIGHTNING HIT	0	0	0	1
GLENSTAL	0	0	0	1
SOUDELOR	0	0	0	1
GREEN DESERT	0	0	0	1
LASTUCE	0	0	0	1
GREEN TUNE	0	0	0	1
MORGANTE	0	0	0	1
GULCH	0	0	0	1
SCULPTED	0	0	0	1
HOUSEBUSTER	0	0	0	1
JIMMY RYAN	0	0	0	1
KENMARE	0	0	0	1
BESUGO	0	0	0	1
KRIS S	0	0	0	1
BONISIMO	0	0	0	1
KRIS S	0	0	0	1
NASHVILLE JET	0	0	0	1
LODE	0	0	0	1
TRIAMOROSA	0	0	0	1
LODE	0	0	0	1
NEPRO	0	0	0	1
LORD DUDLEY	0	0	0	1
BECQUAGOLD	0	0	0	1
MEDAALY	0	0	0	1
CORATICUM	0	0	0	1
MT LIVERMORE	0	0	0	1
WAGRAM	0	0	0	1
MUHTATHIR	0	0	0	1
ORPSIE BOY	0	0	0	1
NORDICO	0	0	0	1
COOKIES	0	0	0	1
REFERENCE POINT	0	0	0	1
SHAMPAGNE	0	0	0	1
ROBELLINO	0	0	0	1
JOE JOE	0	0	0	1
ROY	0	0	0	1
CUMMISKEY	0	0	0	1
SHAHRASTANI	0	0	0	1
CATWALK CLERIC	0	0	0	1
SHALFORD	0	0	0	1
IDEAL COCO	0	0	0	1
SHINING STEEL	0	0	0	1
PIPPO DI LUCILLA	0	0	0	1
SKY CLASSIC	0	0	0	1
SKYNET	0	0	0	1
SKY CLASSIC	0	0	0	1
DONA PESTANA	0	0	0	1
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	0	1
REMIXADA ORO	0	0	0	1
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	0	1
SILVER BULLET	0	0	0	1
SOUTHERN HALO	0	0	0	1
SEA SAINT	0	0	0	1
ST JUDE	0	0	0	1
THE LUCKY ONE	0	0	0	1
TALE OF THE CAT	0	0	0	1
LUKIAN	0	0	0	1
TURTLE ISLAND	0	0	0	1
FLOOD PLAIN	0	0	0	1
ZAFONIC	0	0	0	1
VIGATA	0	0	0	1
ZAFONIC	0	0	0	1

Stakes offspring results by broodmare sire

SOUTHERN HALO	SKYRUSH, MALPENSA, STANISLAS, ORPEN FAIN, QUARTIER LATIN, EL ELEGIDO, DON PEDAL, KOLLER, QUEEN'S ADVICE, SILVER BULLET, DONA TANA, STONEPEN, DONA PESTANA, SUNNY POINT, REMIXADA ORO
ROY	ENAK, ANGE LIQN, DONA DAGA, LADY PELUSA, ROYAL BRUNEI, BAYERN, VIDEO GAME, JOE JOE, SALVAGUARDIA, HINOJO, BELARUSA, SOY INGLES, SOLO UN MOMENTO
FITZCARRALDO	LETHAL GUN, TRUE PASSION, CURICHE, LONKOTUN, SUBLIMACION, INVENTION, ORPENGAMIO, SABAYON, NORHEIN
CANDY STRIPES	DON LETAL, LA LAGUNA AZUL, DONA LEY, DON LECOST, ABE LINCOLN, SAME STORY, RICARDO JUAN
LODE	NASHVILLE JET, CITADEL ROC, CARTIER GOLD, HOCKEY JOCK, DON LANCERO, FEEL THE RACE, TRIAMOROSA
BERNSTEIN	QUEEN FOR A DAY, UNNO, ATOMICA ORO, QUEEN PLUM, FOR ECUADOR
SALT LAKE	MOON POET, LINDO ORPEN, LINDA ORPEN
SKY CLASSIC	PIPPO DI LUCILLA, SKRADIN, SKYNET
TAUFAN	GRACEFULLY, VISIONIST, LADY GRACE
COLLEGE CHAPEL	AUTUMN PEARL, MY GIRL ANNA
ENGRILLADO	DE VERONA, HENDAIA
KENETICO	CRAPS, CRAPS
MEDAALY	LESSING, BECQUAGOLD
ALZAO	ZENONE, SOPHIES TROPHY
BLUEBIRD	CLARE HILLS, SAMPEYRE
DR FONG	PRESTIGE VENDOME, GROWING GLORY
EQUALIZE	ENJOY LOVE, ROMANCE NIGHT
GULCH	MORGANTE, BAY ORP
HERNANDO	SORCIERE, OMBRAGE
HONOUR AND GLORY	DONA FANTASIA, DONA FANTA
KRIS S	BONISIMO, BESUGO
NUMEROUS	CONTA UN CUENTO, MISS TOP MODEL
ZAFONIC	VIGATA, FLOOD PLAIN
AKARAD	KAYPEN
CADEAUX GENEREUX	ENRIKA'S GIFT
CAPE CROSS	TESTA O CROCE
CAPTAIN RIO	PENORKA
CELTIC SWING	BLU CONSTELLATION
CHIEF SINGER	POLLEN
CIPAYO	ORCADA
COMMON GROUNDS	GAIA GIOFFRY
DARSHAAN	TROPPO OCA
EQUAL STRIPES	AMIGUITO CALIFICADO
HORAGE	JAKOR
INDIAN RIDGE	DEMATIL
INTERPRETE	GRAN DT
ITAJARA	PRIVATE JET
KENMARE	JIMMY RYAN
KENVAIN	GOIN TO JACKSON
KONIGSSTUHL	NOBILITA
LORD DUDLEY	NEPRO
MARAUDING	SYNONYM
METAL PRECIEUX	JAMESINA
NOT FOR SALE	BARON BLUE
OCTAGONAL	GRATIS
PERSIAN BOLD	YANKEEDOODLEDANDY
PHARDANTE	PENFECTION
RED SUNSET	MAHOGANY
REFERENCE POINT	COOKIES
RHEINGOLD	SWEET TREAT
SHALFORD	CATWALK CLERIC
SHIRLEY HEIGHTS	MISSIT
SLIP ANCHOR	CELESTIAL WAY
ST COVET	ORPINGTON
ST JUDE	SEA SAINT
TURTLE ISLAND	LUKIAN
ALMUTAWAKEL	ORPELLO
BAHHARE	ZOBENIGO
BARATHEA	YOU GET ME CRAZY
BE MY GUEST	JUST A THOUGHT
BEAT HOLLOW	LE BAOL
BEAU SULTAN	DRUZINOR
BELMEZ	KILLYBEGS
BENEFICIAL	ROCK THE WORLD
BERING	TORRESTRELLA
BERTRANDO	PLAYA DESIERTA
BOLD FORLI	DON VALIENTE
BRANCUSI	LEAD TO WIN
BROCCO	WAR ARTIST
CAERLEON	SADALBARI
CATRAIL	SALAR VIOLET
DANCING DISSIDENT	FALSE ECONOMY
DANEHILL	LITTLE WHITE LIE
DIESIS	AVENTURE LOVE
DISTINCTLY NORTH	WHITE SNOW
DISTORTED HUMOR	EMOTION ORPEN
EASING ALONG	KAMBARA
ELBIO	ORIZABA
ELUSIVE QUALITY	STORM TROOPS
EMPIRE MAKER	NORPEN
FAIRY KING	BLUE TOMATO
FAST GOLD	PROJIMA
GIANT'S CAUSEWAY	SHADAN
GLENSTAL	LIGHTNING HIT
GOLD AWAY	PRETTY BABY
GREEN DESERT	SOUDELOR
GREEN TUNE	LASTUCE
HOUSEBUSTER	SCULPTED
JAVA GOLD	ROCKS OFF
KINGMAMBO	QUEEN OF TIME
LAC OUIMET	DONNA ORPEN
LAST TYCOON	APRO LUNARE
MATTY G	KREYNA
MT LIVERMORE	CORATICUM
MUHTATHIR	WAGRAM
MUJADIL	ORPEN SHADOW
NAMAQUALAND	ORPEN WIDE
NASTY AND BOLD	PETIT DUC
NIGHT SHIFT	ORPEN GREY
NINISKI	LESLINGTAYLOR
NORDICO	ORPSIE BOY
NORTHERN STATE	ZENARTA
OBSERVATORY	VORDA
OLD TRIESTE	LINGOTE DE ORO
PISTOLET BLEU	GENRE
RAINBOW CORNER	DEDINI
ROBELLINO	SHAMPAGNE
SAM M	PRILIDIANO
SEEKING DAYLIGHT	DEFUNIAK
SELKIRK	PUPA DI SARONNO
SENOR PETE	SCARLATT
SHAHRASTANI	CUMMISKEY
SHINING STEEL	IDEAL COCO
SLEWSVILLE	SOVIET FILLY
SPECIAL NASH	GIVEBACK
STRAWBERRY ROAD	STONE ROAD
TALE OF THE CAT	THE LUCKY ONE
THE WATCHER	NORQUINCO
TOPSIDER	PARAGUAYITO
TURKOMAN	HUNKY
VERGLAS	FAIRMONT
WARNING	ARIA DI FESTA
HAAFHD	IL FORNAIO
GENTLEWAVE	RIEN QUE POUR TOI
DUTCH ART	MON AMI L'ECOSSAIS

LURE (USA) 1989	DANZIG (USA) 1977	NORTHERN DANCER (CAN) 1961	NEARCTIC (USA) 1954
			NATALMA (USA) 1957
		PAS DE NOM (USA) 1968	ADMIRAL'S VOYAGE (USA) 1959
			PETITIONER (USA) 1952
	ENDEAR (USA) 1982	ALYDAR (USA) 1975	RAISE A NATIVE (USA) 1961
			SWEET TOOTH (USA) 1965
		CHAPPAQUIDDICK (USA) 1968	RELIC (USA) 1945
			BABY DOLL (USA) 1956
BONITA FRANCITA (USA) 1987	DEVIL'S BAG (USA) 1981	HALO (USA) 1969	HAIL TO REASON (USA) 1958
			COSMAH (USA) 1953
		BALLADE (USA) 1972	HERBAGER (FR) 1956
			MISS SWAPSCO (USA) 1965
	RAISE THE STANDARD (USA) 1978	HOIST THE FLAG (USA) 1968	TOM ROLFE (USA) 1962
			WAVY NAVY (USA) 1954
		NATALMA (USA) 1957	NATIVE DANCER (USA) 1950
			ALMAHMOUD (USA) 1947